Self-Esteem and Family Communication as Predictors of Satisfaction with Studies in University Students from the Southern Region of Peru
Keywords:
Abstract
Family and personal factors play an essential role in the satisfaction with the studies of university students. In this sense, the objective of this research was to determine if self-esteem and family communication predict satisfaction with studies in university students from the Puno Region, Peru. The methodology consisted of a cross-sectional and predictive design; 538 Peruvian university students of both sexes participated (69.1% men and 30.09% women) in 2022, whose ages ranged between 17 and 37 years (M = 20.43 and SD = 3.22). The instruments used were the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, the Olson Family Communication Scale (FCS), and the Merino Satisfaction Scale with the study. The results show that the proposed model had a good fit (X2 = 582.26, df = 224, p < .001, TLI = 941, CFI = .948, RMSEA = .055, RMR = .041), evidencing that self-esteem and family communication significantly predict (p < .001) satisfaction with the studies. In the discussion it is observed that self-esteem and family communication are significant predictors of satisfaction with studies in university students. Therefore, strategies to improve satisfaction with studies should be aimed at improving the self-esteem and communication of university students.
Downloads
References
Abdulghani, A. H., Almelhem, M., Basmaih, G., Alhumud, A., Alotaibi, R., Wali, A., & Abdulghani, H. M. (2020). Does self-esteem lead to high achievement of the science college’s students? A study from the six health science colleges. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(2), 636–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.026
Google Scholar CrossrefAcosta-Gonzaga, E. (2023). The Effects of Self-Esteem and Academic Engagement on University Students’ Performance. Behavioral Sciences, 13(4), 348. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040348
Google Scholar CrossrefAhmadi, S. (2020). Academic Self-Esteem, Academic Self-Efficacy and Academic Achievement: A Path Analysis. J Foren Psy, 5(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.35248/2475-319X.19.5.155
Google Scholar CrossrefAl-Azzam, N., Elsalem, L., & Gombedza, F. (2020). A cross-sectional study to determine factors affecting dental and medical students’ preference for virtual learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. Heliyon, 6(12), e05704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05704
Google Scholar CrossrefAlbert Sznitman, G., Zimmermann, G., & Van Petegem, S. (2019). Further insight into adolescent personal identity statuses: Differences based on self-esteem, family climate, and family communication. Journal of Adolescence, 71(January), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.01.003
Google Scholar CrossrefAli, N. A., Feroz, A. S., Akber, N., & Khoja, A. (2022). Role of COVID-19 pandemic in the academic life and well-being of private sector university students: an exploratory qualitative study. BMJ Open, 12(5), e055678. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055678
Google Scholar CrossrefAmir, L. R., Tanti, I., Maharani, D. A., Wimardhani, Y. S., Julia, V., Sulijaya, B., & Puspitawati, R. (2020). Student perspective of classroom and distance learning during COVID-19 pandemic in the undergraduate dental study program Universitas Indonesia. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02312-0
Google Scholar CrossrefAto, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038–1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511
Google Scholar CrossrefBentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
Google Scholar CrossrefBorishade, T. T., Ogunnaike, O. O., Salau, O., Motilewa, B. D., & Dirisu, J. I. (2021). Assessing the relationship among service quality, student satisfaction and loyalty: the NIGERIAN higher education experience. Heliyon, 7(7),
Google Scholar CrossrefBravo Salinas, S., Castillo Zhizhpón, A., & Guerra Ortega, D. (2021). Influencia de la funcionalidad familiar en el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios en tiempos de pandemia, Azogues – Ecuador, 2020. RECIMUNDO, 5(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/5.(Suple1).oct.2021.131-142
Google Scholar CrossrefBrook, C. A., & Willoughby, T. (2015). The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(5), 1139–1152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8
Google Scholar CrossrefBrown, D. (1994). Teaching by principles (Second edi). Longman.
Google Scholar CrossrefBrowne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociological Methods & Research, 21(2), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005
Google Scholar CrossrefCarranza Esteban, R. F., Mamani-Benito, O., Castillo-Blanco, R., Lingan, S. K., & Cabrera-Orosco, I. (2022). Influence of family and academic satisfaction on life satisfaction among Peruvian university students in the times of COVID-19: The mediating role of self-esteem. Frontiers in Education, 7, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.867997
Google Scholar CrossrefCarranza Esteban, R. F., Mamani-Benito, O., Morales-García, W. C., Caycho-Rodríguez, T., & Ruiz Mamani, P. G. (2022). Academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, satisfaction with studies, and virtual media use as depression and emotional exhaustion predictors among college students during COVID-19. Heliyon, 8(11), e11085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11085
Google Scholar CrossrefCastro Castañeda, R., Vargas Jiménez, E., & García Alcalá, J. U. (2021). El autoconcepto del adolescente, su relación con la comunicación familiar y la violencia escolar. Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores, 8(17), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.46377/dilemas.v8i.2570
Google Scholar CrossrefCopez-Lonzoy, A. J. E., Villarreal-Zegarra, D., & Paz-Jesús, Á. (2016). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Comunicación Familiar en estudiantes universitarios / Psychometric Properties of the Family Communication Scale in College Students. Revista Costarricense de Psicología, 35(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.22544/rcps.v35i01.03
Google Scholar CrossrefCurran, T., & Allen, J. (2017). Family Communication Patterns, Self-Esteem, and Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Direct Personalization of Conflict. Communication Reports, 30(2), 80–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2016.1225224
Google Scholar CrossrefDebnath, D., & Chetia, B. (2022). Traditional to Virtual Learning : Problems Faced by College Students during Covid-19. 6(2), 2743–2747. https://www.journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/1992
Google Scholar CrossrefDeci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. SpringerUS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7
Google Scholar CrossrefDeci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Google Scholar CrossrefDoménech-Betoret, F., Abellán-Roselló, L., & Gómez-Artiga, A. (2017). Self-Efficacy, Satisfaction, and Academic Achievement: The Mediator Role of Students’ Expectancy-Value Beliefs. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01193
Google Scholar CrossrefEdwards, L. M., & Lopez, S. J. (2006). Perceived family support, acculturation, and life satisfaction in mexican american youth: A mixed-methods exploration. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 279.
Google Scholar CrossrefFranzen, J., Jermann, F., Ghisletta, P., Rudaz, S., Bondolfi, G., & Tran, N. T. (2021). Psychological Distress and Well-Being among Students of Health Disciplines: The Importance of Academic Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042151
Google Scholar CrossrefGarcía, J. A., y Olmos, F. C., Matheu, M. L., & Carreño, T. P. (2019). Self esteem levels vs global scores on the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Heliyon, 5(3), e01378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01378
Google Scholar CrossrefGuan, P., Capezio, A., Restubog, S. L. D., Read, S., Lajom, J. A. L., & Li, M. (2016). The role of traditionality in the relationships among parental support, career decision-making self-efficacy and career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.018
Google Scholar CrossrefHagtvet, K. A., & Nasser, F. M. (2004). How Well Do Item Parcels Represent Conceptually Defined Latent Constructs? A Two-Facet Approach. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 11(2), 168–193. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1102_2
Google Scholar CrossrefIrigoyen, A. (2023). La cooperació entre estudiants de Didàctica de les Ciències Socials en la formació de mestres. Una comparació entre l’aprenentatge cooperatiu i les “pédagogies coopératives” [Universitat Rovira i Virgili]. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/689820
Google Scholar CrossrefJa Park, M., & Seek Lee, C. (2016). The Effects of Self-esteem and Life Satisfaction on Problem Behaviors among Adolescents in Grandparent-Grandchild Families: The Mediating Effect of Social Support. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(46). https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i46/107365
Google Scholar CrossrefJaguaco, D., Turpo-Chaparro, J., Vásquez-Villanueva, S., & Apaza-Romero, A. (2022). Social support and general self-efficacy: Two predictors of quality of life at work in Ecuadorian teachers. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.946723
Google Scholar CrossrefKapasia, N., Paul, P., Roy, A., Das, P., Ghosh, T., & Chouhan, P. (2022). Perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress and academic risk among Indian students amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon, 8(5), e09440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09440
Google Scholar CrossrefKavehFarsani, Z., Kelishadi, R., & Beshlideh, K. (2020). Study of the effect of family communication and function, and satisfaction with body image, on psychological well-being of obese girls: the mediating role of self-esteem and depression. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 14(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-020-00345-3
Google Scholar CrossrefKim, M. J. (2015). Students’ Satisfaction and Perception of Problem Based Learning Evaluated by Questionnaire. Kosin Medical Journal, 30(2), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2015.30.2.149
Google Scholar CrossrefKoçak, O., Ak, N., Erdem, S. S., Sinan, M., Younis, M. Z., & Erdoğan, A. (2021). The Role of Family Influence and Academic Satisfaction on Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Happiness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5919. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115919
Google Scholar CrossrefKoerner, A. F., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). Toward a Theory of Family Communication. Communication Theory, 12(1), 70–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2002.tb00260.x
Google Scholar CrossrefKumar Jaiswal, S., & Choudhuri, R. (2017). Academic Self Concept and Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students. American Journal of Educational Research, 5(10), 1108–1113. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-5-10-13
Google Scholar CrossrefLagarda Lagarda, A. E., Vera Noriega, J. Á., & Tánori Quintana, J. (2022). Satisfacción con la vida y sus correlatos socio-personales en adolescentes de secundarias públicos de Sonora, México. Revista de Psicología, 40(1), 9–35. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.202201.001
Google Scholar CrossrefLeary, M. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory (pp. 1–62). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(00)80003-9
Google Scholar CrossrefLent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2006). Integrating person and situation perspectives on work satisfaction: A social-cognitive view. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(2), 236–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.02.006
Google Scholar CrossrefLent, R. W., Singley, D., Sheu, H.-B., Gainor, K. A., Brenner, B. R., Treistman, D., & Ades, L. (2005). Social Cognitive Predictors of Domain and Life Satisfaction: Exploring the Theoretical Precursors of Subjective Well-Being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(3), 429–442. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.3.429
Google Scholar CrossrefLent, R. W., Singley, D., Sheu, H.-B., Schmidt, J. A., & Schmidt, L. C. (2007). Relation of Social-Cognitive Factors to Academic Satisfaction in Engineering Students. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(1), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072706294518
Google Scholar CrossrefLeón-Moreno, C., & Musitu-Ferrer, D. (2019). Estilos de comunicación familiar, autoconcepto escolar y familiar, y motivación de venganza en adolescentes. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 9(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.30552/ejihpe.v9i1.316
Google Scholar CrossrefLim, Y., & Lee, O. (2017). Relationships between Parental Maltreatment and Adolescents’ School Adjustment: Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Peer Attachment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(2), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0573-8
Google Scholar CrossrefLin, Y., & Fan, Z. (2023). The relationship between rejection sensitivity and social anxiety among Chinese college students: The mediating roles of loneliness and self-esteem. Current Psychology, 42(15), 12439–12448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02443-7
Google Scholar CrossrefLohani, M., Dutton, S., & Elsey, J. S. (2022). A day in the life of a college student during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An experience sampling approach to emotion regulation. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12337
Google Scholar CrossrefLorenzo-Quiles, O., Galdón-López, S., & Lendínez-Turón, A. (2023). Factors contributing to university dropout: a review. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1159864
Google Scholar CrossrefLyons, M. D., Huebner, E. S., & Hills, K. J. (2016). Relations among Personality Characteristics, Environmental Events, Coping Behavior and Adolescents’ Life Satisfaction. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1033–1050. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-015-9630-z
Google Scholar CrossrefMamani- Benito, O., Landa-Barzola, M., Carranza Esteban, R. F., Elguera-Pajares, A., & Mejia, C. R. (2021). Diseño y validación de una escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales durante la pandemia COVID-19. Propósitos y Representaciones, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.20511/pyr2021.v9n2.1390
Google Scholar CrossrefMarsh, H. W. (1990). Influences of internal and external frames of reference on the formation of math and English self-concepts. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(1), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.107
Google Scholar CrossrefMatsunaga, M. (2008). Item Parceling in Structural Equation Modeling: A Primer. Communication Methods and Measures, 2(4), 260–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312450802458935
Google Scholar CrossrefMerino-Soto, C., Dominguez-Lara, S., & Fernández-Arata, M. (2017). Validación inicial de una Escala Breve de Satisfacción con los Estudios en estudiantes universitarios de Lima. Educación Médica, 18(1), 74–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edumed.2016.06.016
Google Scholar CrossrefMostert, K., & Pienaar, J. (2020). The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between burnout, intention to drop out, and satisfaction with studies of first-year university students. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 30(3), 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2020.1767928
Google Scholar CrossrefMuthen, L., & Muthen, B. (2017). MPlus user’ guide (8th ed.). https://www.statmodel.com/html_ug.shtml
Google Scholar CrossrefMuthuprasad, T., Aiswarya, S., Aditya, K. S., & Jha, G. K. (2021). Students’ perception and preference for online education in India during COVID -19 pandemic. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 3(1), 100101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100101
Google Scholar CrossrefOdeh, M. (2021). The Role of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Cybersecurity: a Managerial and Practical Implications. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 1–14. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/role-covid-19-pandemic-on-cybersecurity/docview/2603242107/se-2?accountid=17242
Google Scholar CrossrefOh, S.-H., Lee, S. Y., & Han, C. (2021). The Effects of Social Media Use on Preventive Behaviors during Infectious Disease Outbreaks: The Mediating Role of Self-relevant Emotions and Public Risk Perception. Health Communication, 36(8), 972–981. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1724639
Google Scholar CrossrefOjeda, L., Flores, L. Y., & Navarro, R. L. (2011). Social cognitive predictors of Mexican American college students’ academic and life satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021687
Google Scholar CrossrefPyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt, J., & Schimel, J. (2004). Converging Toward an Integrated Theory of Self-Esteem: Reply to Crocker and Nuer (2004), Ryan and Deci (2004), and Leary (2004). Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 483–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.483
Google Scholar CrossrefPyszczynski, T., Lockett, M., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (2021). Terror Management Theory and the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 61(2), 173–189. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167820959488
Google Scholar CrossrefRosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton University Press. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691649443/society-and-the-adolescent-self-image
Google Scholar CrossrefRosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan : An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–93. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02
Google Scholar CrossrefRossini, S., Bulfone, G., Vellone, E., & Alvaro, R. (2021). Nursing students’ satisfaction with the curriculum: An integrative review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 37(3), 648–661.
Google Scholar CrossrefSánchez-Bolívar, L., Escalante-González, S., & Vázquez, L. M. (2022). Motivación de los estudiantes universitarios de Ciencias de la Educación según género, cultura religiosa y habilidad social durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Educar, 58(1), 205–220. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.1353
Google Scholar CrossrefSokal, L., Trudel, L. E., & Babb, J. (2020). Canadian teachers’ attitudes toward change, efficacy, and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100016
Google Scholar CrossrefTadesse, S. G., Tadesse, D. G., & Dagnaw, E. H. (2022). Problem based learning approach increases the academic satisfaction of health science students in Ethiopian universities: a comparative cross sectional study. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 334. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03397-5
Google Scholar CrossrefTruong, N. N., & Miller, M. J. (2018). Family and Social Cognitive Predictors of Southeast Asian American College Students’ Academic Satisfaction. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(3), 488–502. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717714543
Google Scholar CrossrefUsán, P., Salavera, C., Quíles, A., Lozano, R., & Latorre, C. (2023). Empathy, self-esteem and satisfaction with life in adolescent. Children and Youth Services Review, 144, 106755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106755
Google Scholar CrossrefVautero, J., Taveira, M. do C., Silva, A. D., & Fouad, N. A. (2021). Family Influence on Academic and Life Satisfaction: A Social Cognitive Perspective. Journal of Career Development, 48(6), 817–830. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845320902270
Google Scholar CrossrefVentura-León, J., Caycho-Rodriguez, T., Barboza-Palomino, M., & Salas, G. (2018). Evidencias psicométricas de la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg en adolescentes Limeños. [Psychometric evidence of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in adolescents from Lima.]. Revista Interamericana de Psicología, 52(1), 44–60. https://journal.sipsych.org/index.php/IJP/article/view/363
Google Scholar CrossrefWang, J., & Wang, X. (2019). Structural Equation Modeling. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119422730
Google Scholar CrossrefWeaver, C. N. (2003). Happiness of Mexican Americans. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 25(3), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986303256905
Google Scholar CrossrefYekefallah, L., Namdar, P., Panahi, R., & Dehghankar, L. (2021). Factors related to students’ satisfaction with holding e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic based on the dimensions of e-learning. Heliyon, 7(7),
Google Scholar CrossrefZhao, Y., Zheng, Z., Pan, C., & Zhou, L. (2021). Self-Esteem and Academic Engagement Among Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(June). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.690828
Google Scholar CrossrefPublished
Metrics
Almetric
Dimensions
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Victor Canqui; Josue Edison Turpo-Chaparro; Oscar Mamani-Benito; Ronald Castillo-Blanco; Nancy Casildo-Bedón; Renzo Carranza-Esteban

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles are published under Creative Commons copyright (CC BY). Authors hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions, but authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy articles as the original source is cited.