Social and Education History

History of Youth Houses in Spain: The Case of Ourense as a Social Education Germ

Millán Brea-Castro — 2024-10-23

The Youth Houses were born in the second half of the 20th century as places for freedom and socialization among young Spaniards. In these new environments, activities were programmed with a democratic, avant-garde sense, and with an educational and social vocation. In this sense, the objective of this article is to define the internal dynamics that Youth Houses have followed in Spain, seeking links with the basic principles of social intervention, without losing sight of their contextualization. For this we have used a qualitative methodology, based on the historical documentary review, and an interview method. Thus, the most representative houses at the state level have been studied. For the analysis of results, several categories have been defined based on the proposals and initiatives, the existing resources, the intervention techniques, and the role of their professionals, and, finally, the management exercised by their managers. Finally, and among the main conclusions, we highlight that the factors that have had the greatest impact on the success, and decline, of this model are political and managerial in nature.

Tamil Schools in the Federated Malay States under British Colonial Rule 1895-1941

Vegneskumar Maniam — 2024-10-23

In the time of British rule of the Federated Malay States (FMS) from 1895 to 1941, many Indians, especially the Tamils from South India, were brought in as labourers. Long-term Tamil primary schools were established to cater to their children's educational needs. This article presents a historical investigation of the development, challenges, and disparity faced by Tamil primary schools in the FMS between 1895-1941. The study employs thematic content analysis to study the primary and secondary historical sources. The findings report that four themes surrounding challenges and disparity emerged among Tamil schools in the FMS, namely building and equipment; subjects and syllabi; schoolteachers; and teacher training. The study underscores the development of Tamil schools in the FMS, the significant issues faced by the schools under British colonial rule, and the implications for children of Tamil migrants. Significantly, this study contributes new knowledge towards the history of education during British colonialism, emphasising the crucial role of Tamil schools in preserving language and culture and potentially shaping future research in this area.

Dialogic Pedagogical Gatherings: Evolution of Teacher Training for Social Impact

Susana León-Jiménez — 2024-10-23

Continuous teacher training is essential for improving the quality of the educational system and the outcomes of learning, coexistence, and inclusion. Throughout the history of education, various training models have emerged, one of the most recent being Dialogic Teacher Training. Dialogic Pedagogical Gatherings, as an implementation of this modality, stand out for their innovation, scientific, and theoretical foundation, providing participants with evidence and bases endorsed by the international scientific community. This article analyzes their distinctive characteristics compared to other forms of teacher training, from the perspective of 27 participants. The presented results address the uniqueness of this space for dialogue and shared knowledge construction, which favors both professional and personal impacts. The contribution of this research to the study of teacher training over the years is discussed, highlighting the relevance of this training modality in the evolution of pedagogical practices oriented toward social impact.

The Role of Jepuro Inter-Ethnic Cemeteries in Religious Moderation: Global Sociological and Anthropological Perspectives

Fathimatuz Zahra — 2024-10-23

Interethnic cemeteries, often overlooked by historians, possess great cultural and sociological value. This study analyses the Jepuro cemeteries in Juwana, Pati, highlighting their importance in the religious moderation of the region. These cemeteries reflect the community’s ability to manage ethnic and religious diversity with little conflict. The study addresses three key questions: the influence of interethnic funerals on the community’s philosophy and notion of religious moderation, and the impact of remains in the graves. Through a qualitative approach, observations, and interviews with residents, it is concluded that the cultural diversity brought by immigrants through the port of Tanjungpuro fostered religious moderation in the region. The variety of gravestones reflects a historical understanding of moderation being restored, and the interethnic burials show that religious moderation has been transmitted over generations. Preserving these cemeteries is not just important, it is essential, as they represent the community's multicultural legacy and its commitment to religious peace. It is suggested that local authorities protect these monuments and integrate their history into educational programs.